Evaluación del estado psicobiotipológico en bomberos: parámetros de salud y recursos anti estrés / Assessment of biopsycho typological state of firefighters: health parameters and anti stress resources

La morfoestructura y características psicológicas de los bomberos cobran vital importancia, ya que deben poseer un rendimiento físico y psicológico de alto nivel, para afrontar los requerimientos propios de su labor. Es fundamental conocer el Biotipo, así como también, la personalidad resistente y el nivel de Síndrome Burnout presente en esta población, evaluando el perfil de voluntarios activos de las comunas de Valparaíso y Viña del Mar. Se estudiaron 101 voluntarios de sexo masculino, con edades entre los 20 y 50 años, de las compañías de Valparaíso y Viña del Mar. Se aplicó el método de somatotipo de Heath ­ Carter, personalidad resistente y el nivel de Síndrome Burnout guiados por la metodología de Moreno Jiménez. Los resultados indican un Somatotipo predominantemente como endomesomórfico, endomorfía 5,44±1,60; Mesomorfía 6,17±1,37; ectomorfía 0,90±1,23. La personalidad resistente se encuentra con una calificación alta, Compromiso 3,61±0,39; Reto 3,53±0,47; Control 3,41±0,42, presentando el control una categoría media según DE. El Síndrome Burnout presenta una calificación baja para Factores 15,38±4,17; Síndrome 18,79±4,10; Consecuencias 5,64±1,98. Se destaca un alto componente Endomórfico, lo que traería consigo un riesgo cardiovascular. El perímetro de pierna está relacionado inversamente con la dimensión Control de Personalidad resistente, lo que indica que a mayor perímetro menor puntuación en control, disminuyendo la resistencia al Síndrome Burnout. Esta población no deportista, voluntaria y altruista, sin una actividad física programada, constante y periodizada, se ve reflejada en sus características antropométricas.

The morphostructural analysis and psychological characteristics of firefighters are vital; specific physical and psychological levels are needed to meet the requirements of their work. It is essential to know biotype, personality resistance variables and level of burnout syndrome present in this population. We evaluated the profile of active volunteers in the cities of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar in Chile; 101 male volunteers, aged between 20 and 50 years were included in the study. Heath ­ Carter somatotype, Personality Resistance variables and level of Burnout Syndrome according to Jiménez Moreno methodology were applied. The results indicate a predominant somatotype as Endomesomorph, Endomorph 5.44±1.60; Mesomorph 6.17±1.37, Ectomorph 0.90±1.23. Personality resistance variable presented a high score, commitment 3.61±0.39, challenge 3.53±0.47, control 3.41±0.42. Burnout syndrome had a low factor rating 15.38±4.17, syndrome 18.79±4.10; consequences 5.64±1.98. There is a high endomorphic component increasing cardiovascular risk. Leg circumference is on the other hand, related to Personality resistance control, indicating that while perimeter is greater, the mark is lower for Burnout resistance syndrome. The lack of continuous and programmed physical activity in this population of volunteer firefighters is clearly reflected in their anthropometric characteristics.

Detection of patients with functional dyspepsia using wavelet transform applied to their electrogastrogram

The aim of the present study was to develop a classifier able to discriminate between healthy controls and dyspeptic patients by analysis of their electrogastrograms. Fifty-six electrogastrograms were analyzed, corresponding to 42 dyspeptic patients and 14 healthy controls. The original signals were subsampled, filtered and divided into the pre-, post-, and prandial stages. A time-frequency transformation based on wavelets was used to extract the signal characteristics, and a special selection procedure based on correlation was used to reduce their number. The analysis was carried out by evaluating different neural network structures to classify the wavelet coefficients into two groups (healthy subjects and dyspeptic patients). The optimization process of the classifier led to a linear model. A dimension reduction that resulted in only 25 percent of uncorrelated electrogastrogram characteristics gave 24 inputs for the classifier. The prandial stage gave the most significant results. Under these conditions, the classifier achieved 78.6 percent sensitivity, 92.9 percent specificity, and an error of 17.9 ± 6 percent (with a 95 percent confidence level). These data show that it is possible to establish significant differences between patients and normal controls when time-frequency characteristics are extracted from an electrogastrogram, with an adequate component reduction, outperforming the results obtained with classical Fourier analysis. These findings can contribute to increasing our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in functional dyspepsia and perhaps to improving the pharmacological treatment of functional dyspeptic patients.